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Dalit Movements After 1947 (Post Independent India) | History Optional for UPSC (Notes) PDF Download
Introduction
- The word "Dalit" refers to those who have been oppressed and crushed in India.
It comes from the root "dal," which means "to break or crush." Jyotirao Phule, a social reformer, is believed to be the first to use this term in the 19th century to describe the suffering of untouchable castes.
- Mahatma Gandhi later used the term "Harijan," meaning "Children of God," to refer to the former untouchables.
- In the Indian Constitution, Dalits are classified as Scheduled Castes.
Today, many Dalits prefer the term "Dalit" as a way to assert their identity and move away from derogatory caste names.
- The contemporary understanding of "Dalit" emphasizes resilience and strength in the face of historical oppression.
It has become a political identity representing the struggle and survival of these communities.
Early Resistance to Untouchability:
- Dalits